An interesting topic is the relationship between 2 ragas having same notes. The following are my comments:
a. While the notes may be the same for 2 ragas (e.g. Bhupali and Deshkar), the aroha and avroha could be different.
E.g. Bhupali सा रे ग प ध सा सा ध प ग रे सा
Deshkar सा ग प ध प सा – ध प सा सा ध प ग – रे (weak -durbal) सा
b. As a corollary, vadi-samvadi or melodic centres are also different.
c. Timing of the day / night of presenting 2 ragas with same notes also differs (e.g. Bhupali is sung in the late evening while Deshkar is sung in the morning).
d. Rasabhav of 2 different ragas with same notes also would differ according to the time of the day when they are sung / played.
e. The speed at which the raga is unfolded, depends upon the rasabhav (e.g. Deshkar is unfolded at a speed faster than Bhupali).
Examples of such ragas are as follows-
Bhupali – Deshkar
Basant – Paraj
Bibhas – Reva
Shree – Jaitashree
Puriya Dhanashree – Gauri